The Hindu Editorial (Unified approach) – Sep 14, 2023

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The Hindu Editorial (Unified approach) – Sep 14, 2023:

Nipah virus (NiV) (noun) – a zoonotic virus (meaning that it can spread from animals to humans) and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly between people. Fruit bats, also called flying foxes are the natural host of Nipah virus. Nipah virus is also known to cause illness in pigs and people. Infection with NiV is associated with encephalitis (swelling of the brain) and can cause mild to severe illness and even death.
outbreak (noun) – outburst, flaring up, breakout, sudden appearance/occurrence of something.
‘One Health’ approach (noun) – One Health is a holistic approach to problems that recognises the interconnections between the health of humans, animals, plants, and their shared environment. ‘One Health’ is an approach to designing and implementing programmes, policies, legislation and research in which multiple sectors communicate and work together to achieve better public health outcomes.
zoonotic (adjective) – used to refer to a disease transmitted from (vertebrate) animals to humans.
spillover (noun) – consequence, outcome, repercussion (an unexpected one).
lightning never strikes the same place twice (phrase) – used to comfort someone that whatever bad or unpleasant thing has happened to him/her, it won’t happen again.
unlikely (adjective) – doubtful, implausible, improbable, questionable.
wreak havoc (phrase) – to cause a lot of damage; to bring about a widespread destruction; to give rise to a lot of trouble.
pathogen (noun) – something, like bacteria/virus, that causes disease.
reservoir (noun) – source /stock, store, reserve.
fruit bat (noun) – a large flying mammal (with large wings) that eats fruit and lives in hot countries; it is also called as flying fox.
surface (verb) – emerge, arise, appear, come out, crop up, loom.
in terms of (phrase) – with regard to, regarding, concerning, in respect of, with reference to.
setting (noun) – surroundings, situation, environment, background, location.
the deceased (noun) – a person who is dead/passed away.
ventilator (noun) – a respirator, a device (used for a patient to breathe).
protocol (noun) – procedure, convention, rules of conduct, procedure.
take forward (phrasal verb) – to deal with something and make it successful in the future.
containment (noun) – an act of keeping something (harmful) under control. (it means quickly identifying cases of a contagious disease (e.g. coronavirus) through testing, placing infected individuals in isolation, tracking who infected persons might have been in contact with and potentially quarantining those who came into contact with infection so that the disease doesn’t continue to spread).
neighbouring (adjective) – adjacent, bordering, abutting, surrounding; nearby.
preparatory (adjective) – preliminary, fundamental, initial, introductory, basic, elementary.
porous (adjective) – not secured; penetrable, permeable, open, leaky.
toolkit (noun) – a document containing a set of details/resources/guidelines/suggestions/various urgent action items about something in order to get it done.
vigil (noun) – close watch, monitoring, surveillance, observation, inspection, scrutiny.
guard (noun) – protection.
likely (adverb) – probably, in all probability, presumably, doubtlessly.
unlearnt (adjective) – forgotten, lost, missed, disremembered, ignored, neglected, disregarded, discarded.
anthropogenic (adjective) – human-caused, human-influenced, human-induced, man made, artificial.
have a hand in something (phrase) – to be involved in doing something; to have influence on something.
habitat (noun) – natural environment, territory, surroundings.
repeatedly (adverb) – invariably, constantly, regularly, consistently.
post-factor (adjective) – after the event has occurred.
mount (verb) – increase.
strategic (adjective) – relating to achieving long-term or overall goals.
increasingly (adverb) – more and more, steadily more, continuously more, gradually more.
the state (noun) – the government.
the way forward (phrase) – something (a plan/action) that leads to success in the future.
pandemic (noun) – the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.
led to past participle of lead to (verb) – cause, result in, bring about, bring on, give rise to.
deeper comparative adjective of deep (adjective) – intense, serious.
appreciation (noun) – acknowledgement, recognition, realization, understanding, awareness.
optimise (verb) – make the most effective use of something.
conviction (noun) – belief, opinion, view, thought.
symbiosis (noun) – a mutually beneficial relationship; mutualism, collaboration, synergy, reciprocity, unison.