The Hindu Editorial (Maximising the boost) – Dec 30, 2021

Heralding a new frontier in India’s vaccination programme, the apex drug regulator has approved two more vaccines under emergency use authorisation (EUA), and an antiviral drug. For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Maximising the boost) – Dec 30, 2021.

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The Hindu Editorial (Maximising the boost) – Dec 30, 2021:

vaccine (noun) – a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.
feasibility (noun) – practicality, workability, viability.
enable (verb) – allow, permit, facilitate.
informed consent (noun) – the permission a patient gives a doctor to perform a test or procedure after the doctor has fully explained the purpose.
herald (verb) – signal, indicate, foretell, point to, announce, spell, usher in.
frontier (noun) – the achievement in a particular area; the extreme limit.
vaccination (noun) – treatment with a vaccine to protect against a particular disease; immunization.
regulator (noun) – The process of testing, developing and marketing of medicines has to regulated by regulator to protect the interests of the public. The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) is India’s national regulatory body. Major regulatory bodies include the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) in the US and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in Europe.
Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) (noun) – a mechanism to facilitate the availability and use of medical countermeasures, including vaccines, during public health emergencies, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic.
antiviral drugs (noun) – a class of medication used specifically for treating viral infections.
Corbevax (noun) – a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by Indian biopharmacutical firm Biological E. Biological E’s anti-coronavirus shot, Corbevax, is a RBD protein sub-unit vaccine and is currently undergoing phase 2/3 clinical trials on adults.
as is (phrase) – in the existing state of affairs/circumstances/factors/context.
Covovax (noun) – The US-based Novavax, the maker of Covovax, as the vaccine has been named in India, developed in collaboration with the Serum Institute of India. The Novavax candidate, which is also known as NVX-CoV2373, is a “recombinant nanoparticle” vaccine with the company saying it is the “first protein-based option”.
Emergency Use Listing (EUL) (noun) – a risk-based procedure for assessing and listing unlicensed vaccines, therapeutics and in vitro diagnostics with the ultimate aim of expediting the availability of these products to people affected by a public health emergency.
COVAX (noun) – COVAX is co-led by Gavi, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), and WHO. Its aim is to accelerate the development and manufacture of COVID-19 vaccines, and to guarantee fair and equitable access for every country in the world.
vaccinate (verb) – inoculate, administer, introduce (with a vaccine to provide immunity against a disease).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (noun) – The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the government agency responsible for advancing public health by helping to speed innovations that make medical products more effective, safer, and more affordable and by helping the public get the accurate, science-based information they need to use medical products and foods to maintain and improve their health.
Molnupiravir (noun) – it is an antiviral medication developed by Merck and Ridgeback Biotherapeutics to treat mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in adults who are at risk for severe disease.
on the heels of (phrase) – close behind, soon after, right after, following closely.
Paxlovid (noun) – a treatment regimen (pill) developed by Pfizer Inc for treating mild-to-moderate Covid-19 in adults and children 12 years and older, who are likely to be at greater risk for severe infection.
Inc. (abbreviation) – incorporated.
administer (verb) – dispense, provide, give, apply (a drug/vaccine).
pill (noun) – tablet, capsule.
selling point (noun) – benefit, advantage, strong point, strength.
set (adjective) – ready, prepared, organized, equipped, primed to do something.
progression (noun) – progress, process, advancement, development, passage.
arsenal (noun) – array, range, line-up, collection (of resources).
bode well/ill (verb) – augur, indicate, portend (a good/bad outcome).
uncertainty (noun) – unpredictability, unreliability, riskiness/precariousness.
pandemic (noun) – the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.
bring about (phrasal verb) – cause, create, result in, produce.
inoculate (verb) – to inject/introduce a vaccine into the body of someone to produce immunity to a particular disease; immunize, vaccinate.
dose (noun) – an amount/quantity of something.
variant (noun) – different or form or version or mutant of something (virus).
Omicron variant (noun) – On 26 November 2021, WHO designated the (new coronavirus) variant B.1.1.529 a variant of concern, named Omicron, on the advice of WHO’s Technical Advisory Group on Virus Evolution (TAG-VE). The first known confirmed Omicron infection was from a specimen collected on November 9. In recent weeks, infections in South Africa have increased steeply, coinciding with the detection.
infectious (adjective) – spreading, contagious, communicable, transmittable.
discriminate (verb) – differentiate, distinguish, draw a distinction, recognize a distinction, tell the difference
the vaccinated (noun) – the people who are vaccinated.
unvaccinated (adjective) – not vaccinated to provide immunity against a disease.
the unvaccinated (noun) – the people who are not vaccinated.
disproportionately (adverb) – inordinately, immoderately, excessively.
vulnerable (adjective) – endangered, unsafe, unprotected, unguarded, ill-protected; easily affected by, prone to, at risk of.
overwhelmingly (adverb) – with a great majority; to a very great degree.
reliant (adjective) – dependent on.
Oxford vaccine/Covishield (noun) – (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) or (AZD1222) is named Covishield in India. Serum Institute of India (SII), a biotechnology company has partnered with global pharma giant AstraZeneca and Oxford University for this vaccine candidate ‘Covidshield’.
matter of concern (phrase) – something which causes worry.
unfold (verb) – happen, occur, take place, transpire.
directive (noun) – instruction, direction, command, order, prescription.
precaution dose (noun) – booster dose; third dose of the vaccine.
booster dose (noun) – In medical terms, a booster dose is an extra administration of a vaccine after an earlier dose.
frontline staff/worker/responder/personnel (noun) – a person who is among the first to arrive and provide assistance at the scene of an emergency. First/front line workers/responders typically
include paramedics, emergency medical technicians, police officers, firefighters, sanitary workers & etc.
comorbidity (noun) – In medicine, co-morbidity is the presence of one or more additional conditions (diseases) co-occurring/co-existing with a primary condition (disease).
Covaxin (noun) – India’s first indigenous COVID-19 vaccine candidate (COVAXIN) developed by a Hyderabad-based company (Bharat Biotech) in collaboration with the ICMR (The Indian Council of Medical Research).
expose (verb) – come into contact with (the disease causing virus).
the odds (noun) – likelihood, probability, chances.
mix-up (noun) – combination.
antibody (noun) – it is also called ‘immunoglobulin’; a protective protein produced mainly by plasma (blood) cells in the immune system in response to the presence of antigens (disease causing organisms (bacteria & viruses) and other harmful/toxic foreign substances like insect venom).
COV-BOOST (noun) – COV-BOOST is a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial of third dose booster vaccination against COVID-19 in the United Kingdom.
recipient (noun) – beneficiary, receiver.
fiasco (noun) – failure, mess, blunder; disaster, catastrophe.
sans (preposition) – without, minus, devoid of.
therapeutic (noun) – medical treatment, medical attention, medical care.
merit (noun) – good point, strong point, advantage, benefit, value.
irrational (adjective) – unreasonable, illogical, groundless, baseless, unjustifiable.
black marketing (noun) – the illegal trade of goods and services.
hoarding (noun) – accumulation, collection, aggregation.
indiscriminate (adjective) – thoughtless, unthinking, unconsidered, casual, careless, aimless, foolish, mindless, impulsive, ill-considered.
given (preposition) – considering, taking into account, bearing in mind.
potential (adjective) – possible, likely, probable.