The Hindu Editorial (Growing epidemic) – Nov 18, 2024

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The Hindu Editorial (Growing epidemic) – Nov 18, 2024:

1. growing (adjective) – increasing.
2. epidemic (noun) – a sudden disease outbreak that affects a large number of people in a particular region, community, or population.
3. scale up (phrasal verb) – step up, boost, escalate; increase, expand.
4. diagnosis (noun) – the process of identifying a disease, condition, or injury from its signs and symptoms.
5. clinical diagnosis (noun) – the process of identifying a disease, condition, or injury based on the signs and symptoms a patient is having and the patient’s health history and physical exam.
6. World Health Organization (WHO) (noun) – Founded in 1948, WHO is the United Nations agency that connects nations, partners and people to promote health, keep the world safe and serve the vulnerable – so everyone, everywhere can attain the highest level of health.
7. quadruple (adjective) – increase by four (times).  
8. prevalence (noun) – it refers to the number of cases of a disease that are present in a particular population at a given time whereas incidence refers to the number of new cases that develop in a given period of time.
9. Lancet (noun) – a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal. It is among the world’s oldest and best-known general medical journals.
10. top (verb) – be at the highest place/rank in a list.
11. steep (adjective) – sudden, sharp, rapid.
12. pool (verb) – combine, merge, join, put together.
13. medication (noun) – a drug/medicine used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
14. fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (noun) – Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are determined by taking a blood sample from participants who have fasted for at least 8 hours. It can be measured in mmol/L or in mg/dL.
15. glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (noun) – a form of hemoglobin (Hb) that is chemically linked to a sugar.  A hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) test is a blood test that shows what your average blood sugar (glucose) level was over the past two to three months.
16. rely on (phrasal verb) –  depend on, bank on, count on.
17. elevated (adjective) – increased, raised.
18. biomaker (noun) – any (biological) substance, structure, or process that can be measured in the body or its products and influence or predict the incidence of outcome or disease. (or) a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention.
19. single-biomarker data (noun) – biological information about an organism that comes from a single biomarker, or a measurable characteristic of the body.
20. non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (noun) – also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. They are of long duration and generally slow progression. The four main types of non-communicable diseases are cardiovascular diseases (like heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructed pulmonary disease and asthma) and diabetes.
21. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) (noun) –  a network of health scientists around the world that provides rigorous and timely data on major risk factors for non-communicable diseases for all of the world’s countries.
22. take into account (phrase) – consider, regard, factor in, give consideration to, bear in mind.
23. decade (noun) – a period of ten years.
24. absolute (adjective) –  complete, total, entire.
25. contest (verb) – dispute, defy, oppose, challenge, resist.
26. rich (adjective) – large, huge, plentiful, abundant.
27. saturated fat (noun) – a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all single bonds between the carbon atoms. Saturated fats are usually solid at room temperature. The most common sources of saturated fats are meats and dairy products. Eating saturated fat increases the level of cholesterol in the blood and the risk of heart disease.
28. sedentary (adjective) – desk-bound, inactive, stationary.
29. highlight (verb) – emphasize, underscore, underline, accentuate, point up, call attention to, focus attention on.
30. overwhelming (adjective) – very large, huge, very strong, massive, profound. 
31. impair (verb) – damage, weaken, spoil, disable, undermine, reduce, diminish, decrease, lessen.
32. insulin (noun) – a hormone that lowers the level of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood. It’s made by the beta cells of the pancreas and released into the blood when the glucose level goes up, such as after eating. Insulin helps glucose enter the body’s cells, where it can be used for energy or stored for future use.
33. beta cells (noun) – cells in the pancreas that produce and release the hormone insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
34. thereby (adverb) – as a result of that.
35. regulation (noun) – control, adjustment, balancing.
36. play a role or play a part (phrase) – contribute to, be instrumental in, be a factor in.
37. onset (noun) – start, beginning, arrival.
38. Insulin resistance (noun) – Insulin resistance is when cells in your muscles, fat, and liver don’t respond well to insulin and can’t easily take up glucose from your blood. As a result, your pancreas makes more insulin to help glucose enter your cells.
39. besides (preposition) – apart from, other than, barring, excluding.
40. associate (verb) – link, connect, relate.
41. cardiovascular (adjective) – relating to the heart and blood vessels.
42. mortality (noun) – (in a particular time/for a cause) the rate/number of death; death, loss of life.
43. gestational (adjective) – relating to the period of time between conception and birth; during pregnancy.
44. overemphasise (verb) – overstress, exaggerate, overdo, overplay, overdramatize.
45. undiagnosed (adjective) – not diagnosed; (diagnose means identify the nature and cause of an illness/condition by examination).
46. glycaemia (noun) – the concentration of sugar or glucose in the blood

Note : 

1. Click each one of the words above for their definition, more synonyms, pronunciation, example sentences, phrases, derivatives, origin and etc. from http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/.

2. Definitions (elementary level) & Synonyms provided for the words above are my personal work and not that of Oxford University Press. Tentative definitions/meanings are provided for study purposes only and they may vary in a different context.  

3. This word list is for personal use only. Reproduction in any format and/or Commercial use of it is/are strictly prohibited.

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