The Hindu Editorial (Going beyond customs) – Apr 03, 2023

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The Hindu Editorial (Going beyond customs) – Apr 03, 2023:

go beyond (phrasal verb) – be more than something; to do more than something; to do more than is needed.
custom (noun) – a traditional way of doing something; tradition, practice, procedure, convention.
exemption (noun) – exclusion, exception, relief.
customs (noun) – the government department that deals with taxes on goods coming into and leaving a country.
custom duty (noun) – the taxes levied on goods coming from outside the country (as opposed to excise duty that levied on the manufacture of goods within the country).
drug (noun) – medicine, medication, medical drug.
the state (noun) – the government.
vigil (noun) – vigilance, surveillance, close watch, monitoring.
constant (adjective) – continuous, round-the-clock, non-stop.
endeavour (noun) – activity, pursuit; aim/effort.
address (verb) – tackle, deal with, attend to, try to sort out.
welfare (noun) – well-being, good health, happiness, safety, comfort.
classic (adjective) – very typical, perfect, standard, textbook.
exposition (noun) – explanation, description, elucidation, interpretation.
National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 (NPRD) (noun) – The National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 (NPRD) was notified on March 31, 2021. It aims to lower the high cost of treatment for rare diseases, with an increased focus on indigenous research and local production of medicines. A provision for financial support up to ₹20 lakh under the Umbrella Scheme of Rastriya Arogya Nidhi is proposed for the treatment of those rare diseases that require a one-time treatment (diseases listed under Group 1 in the rare disease policy).
Pembrolizumab (noun) – anti-cancer drug; a medication used in the management and treatment of various oncologic conditions. (oncology is a branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer).
incorporated (adjective) – included.
formulate (verb) – draw up, frame, plan, devise, create.
in order to (phrase) – with the aim of doing something; with the purpose of doing something; so as to, with a view to, as a way to.
avail (verb) – use, utilize, employ, make use of, take advantage of.
authorities (noun) – officials, officialdom, the people in charge, the government the bureaucracy.
attract (verb) – draw; cause to have/adhere/come.
vaccine (noun) – a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.
concession (noun) – allowance, deduction, rebate, reduction, cut.
atrophy (noun) – deterioration, degeneration, weakening, decaying, wasting away, wasting.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) – it refers to a group of hereditary diseases that can damage and kill specialized nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord (motor neurons) ; it is a genetic disorder characterized by weakness and wasting (atrophy) in muscles used for movement.
(muscular) dystrophy (noun) – a group of diseases that make muscles weaker and less flexible over time. It is caused by a problem in the genes that control how the body keeps muscles healthy.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) – It is one of the most severe forms of inherited muscular dystrophies. It is the most common hereditary neuromuscular disease and does not exhibit a predilection for any race or ethnic group
infrequently (adverb) – rarely, uncommonly, unusually, irregularly, occasionally, sporadically.
disadvantaged (adjective) – deprived, depressed, in distress, in need, needy.
lack (noun) – shortage, undersupply, insufficiency, shorfall.
volume (noun) – quantity, amount (of something).
spur (verb) – motivate, stimulate, encourage, prompt, galvanize.
pharmacological (adjective) – relating to the science of drugs/medications.
prohibitive (adjective) – excessively high, exorbitant, excessive, sky-high, unreasonably high.
out of the reach (phrase) – inaccessible, beyond reach; not able to be easily obtained (due to excessively priced).
estimate (verb) – roughly calculate, evaluate, consider.
dose (noun) – an amount/quantity of something, especially a medicine/drug prescribed to be taken at a specific time.
substantial (adjective) – considerable, large, significant.
lobby (verb) – to influence (the government/its official group/elected legislators) to create the actions, policies, or decisions to help a particular organization.
welcome (verb) – receive, embrace.
move (noun) – action, act, step, measure.
much-needed (adjective) – very necessary.
ray (noun) – (a faint) sign, trace/glimmer, hint (of light/hope).
bleak (adjective) – unpromising, unfavourable, disadvantageous.
scenario (noun) – situation, backdrop, background, context.
infrequent (adjective) – rare, uncommon, unusual, irregular, occasional, sporadic.
occurrence (noun) – incidence, prevalence, existence, appearance, development.
sheer (adjective) – total, complete, absolute, thorough, downright, unqualified.
underline (adjective) – underscore, emphasize, highlight, accentuate, call/draw attention to, give prominence to.
magnitude (noun) – extent, degree, scale, level.
context (noun) – circumstances, conditions, situation, backdrop.
scarce (adjective) – meagre, insufficient, inadequate, negligible, paltry.
resources (noun) – a source of support; an available means of aid; means, method, way, course.
judiciously (adverb) – wisely, sensibly, prudently, thoughtfully, well-advisedly.
strike a note (phrase) – to express a particular type of opinions or feelings about something); communicate, indicate, cite, call to mind, bring to mind.
affordable (adjective) – inexpensive, cheap, low-cost, reasonably priced.
in full (phrase) – in its entirety, fully, in toto.
besides (adverb) – in addition, furthermore, moreover, further.
stay the course (phrase) – continue doing something in spite of difficulties; to continue doing something till the end even though it is tough/challenging; work hard till the end to accomplish the task.