The Hindu Editorial (Fixing frequencies first) – Feb 07, 2022

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman’s Budget announcement that the Government proposes to conduct the “required spectrum auctions” in 2022 to… For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Fixing frequencies first) – Feb 07, 2022.

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The Hindu Editorial (Fixing frequencies first) – Feb 07, 2022:

payoff (noun) – return, gain, yield.
outweigh (verb) – have the edge over, offset, cancel out, outbalance.
(radio) spectrum (noun) – it refers to a range of radio-waves that are used for communication purposes.
spectrum (noun) – airwaves; invisible radio frequencies; it refers to a range of electromagnetic (radio) waves that are used for communication purposes (to transmit signals over specific bands). Scientists measure frequencies using hertz, meaning the number of wave cycles per second. Satellites generally transmit on a frequency between 1.5 and 51.5 gigahertz (a gigahertz, or GHz, equals one billion hertz). High-speed broadband operates at the higher end of the spectrum.
auction (noun) – the process of determining the selling/buying price of something through a competitive bidding process; bidding.
facilitate (verb) – make easy, make possible, enable, assist, help/aid.
roll-out (noun) – official launch/introduction.
fiscal year (noun) – financial year.
trigger (verb) – cause, produce, bring about, prompt.
speculation (noun) – conjecture, guesswork, prediction, supposition.
feasibility (noun) – practicality, workability, viability.
timeline (noun) – schedule, deadline.
keenness (noun) – eagerness, willingness, readiness, desire/wish.
expedite (verb) – speed up, accelerate, step up, quicken.
frame (verb) – formulate, draw up, create, plan.
propel (verb) – spur, drive, prompt, catapult, motivate.
appreciation (noun) – increase, gain, growth; acknowledgement, recognition, realization, knowledge.
serve (verb) – act as, function as.
enabler (noun) – supporter, facilitator.
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) (noun) – a statutory body set up by the Government of India under section 3 of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act, 1997. It is the regulator of the telecommunications sector in India.
set aside (phrasal verb) – keep, reserve, earmark, withhold, save, reserve, put aside.
airwaves (noun) – spectrum.
flurry (noun) – spate, series, succession.
with regard to (phrase) – regarding, concerning, in connection with.
foremost (adjective) – most important, most prominent, major, notable.
regulator (noun) – an association/statutory body that supervises a particular business activity.
viability (noun) – ability, practicality, feasibility (to work successfully).
as a whole (phrase) – all together, as a group.
stressed (adjective) – (financially) burdened, distressed, worried, troubled.
financial distress (noun) – a term commonly used in corporate finance that describes any situation where an individual’s or company’s financial condition leaves them struggling to pay their bills.
duopoly (noun) – it is used to describe any market where two firms dominate.
bleed (verb) – drain, deplete, empty, exhaust (resources).
outstanding (adjective) – unpaid, unsettled, payable, overdue, in arrears, in the red.
dues (noun) – fee, levy, charge, payment.
The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) (noun) – The Department of Telecommunication (DoT) works under the aegis (support & guidance) of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. The Department of Telecom has been formulating developmental policies for the accelerated growth of the telecommunication services.
equity stake (noun) – the part of a company owned by the holder (a person or organisation) with certain number of shares of stock in that company they have.
appetite (noun) – hunger, strong desire, liking.
high-capital intensive (adjective) – referring to the industries/companies that require large upfront capital investments (in machinery, plant & equipment in order to produce goods or services in high volumes and maintain higher levels of profit margins and return on investments).
unlikely (adjective) – doubtful, implausible, improbable, questionable.
substantial (adjective) – sizeable, considerable, significant, large, appreciable.
at the moment (phrase) – at present, now, right now, at this time.
exponential (adjective) – (of an increase/growth) rapid, quick, fast.
leap (noun) – (a sudden and abrupt) change; sudden rise, rapid increase, escalation, surge, revival.
exponential growth/leap or quantum growth/leap (noun) – it is simply about experiencing growth beyond your current situation and growing exponentially (very rapidly). breakthrough, development, huge success.
beyond doubt (phrase) – without uncertainty/question/apprehension/second thought.
commercialise (verb) – take advantage of something (an activity) to make a profit.
so far (phrase) – until now, up to the present, up to this point.
largely (adverb) – mostly, mainly, predominantly
deploy (verb) – use, utilize, employ, make use of.
in terms of (phrase) – with regard to, as regards, concerning, with reference to.
utility (noun) – usefulness, use, advantage, benefit, service.
public utility (noun) – an organization (supplying water, gas, power & etc.).
envisage (verb) – visualize, imagine, envision.
optimum (adjective) – most favourable, most advantageous, most appropriate, ideal, perfect.
potential (noun) – capability, capacity, ability, power.
C band (mid-band) (noun) – The C band is a designation by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the microwave range of frequencies ranging from 4.0 to 8.0 gigahertz (GHz); However, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) designated 3.7-4.2 GHz as C band. The C-Band (3.4 – 4.2 GHz) is a cornerstone/basis for many satellite services; This C-band (or mid-band) is the best RF spectrum for 5G deployment as well. The protection of the existing satellite systems operating in the C-band is crucial while allocating C-band frequencies to the upcoming 5G deployment, and to accomplish this, suitable spectrum sharing mechanisms need to be investigated.
enable (verb) – allow, permit; prepare, facilitate, activate.
backhaul (noun) – In the telecommunication industry, backhaul refers to the part of a satellite network that serves as an intermediate between the main network and the small networks used for distribution to other smaller channels. (Backhaul is a widely known term that describes the link between a baseband and the core network. Fronthaul, on the other hand, connects the baseband to a remote radio unit). (Baseband refers to a single-channel digital system and that single channel is used to communicate with devices on a network. Broadband, on the other hand, is wide bandwidth data transmission which generates an analog carrier frequency, which carries multiple digital signals or multiple channels).
E-Band spectrum/airwaves (noun) – the range of radio frequencies from 60 GHz to 90 GHz in the electromagnetic spectrum. Signals in this frequency range have very short wavelengths from 3.33 mm to 5 mm. The short wavelengths give signals at these frequency directional properties and thus this band is widely used for RF/Microwave backhaul links.
pandemic (noun) – the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.
show up (phrasal verb) – expose, reveal, bring to light, lay bare, make obvious, manifest.
inadequacy (noun) – shortfall, deficiency, insufficiency.
reach (noun) – capability, capacity; extent/range of something.
make sense (phrase) – be accepted, be convincing, hold up, prove true.