The Hindu Editorial (Exam fear) – Jun 03, 2021

Several anxieties faced by students, parents and schools have been calmed by the decision to cancel the Central Board of Secondary Education Class XII examination following… For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Exam fear) – Jun 03, 2021.

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The Hindu Editorial (Exam fear) – Jun 03, 2021:

calm (verb) – soothe, pacify, alleviate, appease, conciliate.
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (noun) – Formed in 1962, it is a national level board of education in India for public and private schools, controlled and managed by the Union Government of India. It envisions a robust, vibrant, and holistic school education that will engender (cause) excellence in every sphere of human endeavour.
shake (verb) – upset, disturb, distress; weaken, undermine, damage.
carnage (noun) – mass destruction, tragedy, havoc.
wrought (verb) – (old) past and past participle of work; cause, effect.
pandemic (noun) – the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.
have little choice (phrase) – be in a condition where you must do something.
cluster (noun) – a group (of people/things considered as a unit). (an aggregation of cases of a disease. A coronavirus cluster occurs when there is a concentration of infections in the same area at the same time).
considerably (adverb) – greatly, very much, a lot.
predictability (noun) – certainty, foregone conclusion, predictable result.
traumatic (adjective) – painful, distressing, disturbing.
dash (verb) – shatter, destroy, wreck, ruin, spoil.
emergence (noun) – arrival, appearance, coming.
double mutant/B.1.617 (noun) – a unique “double mutant” coronavirus variant – with a combination of mutations not seen anywhere else in the world – has been found in India. The ‘double mutant’ virus that as having a bearing on the spread of the pandemic in India, has a formal scientific classification: B.1.617. (The UK Variant has a formal scientific classification: B.1.1.7. The South Africa Variant has a formal scientific classification: B.1.351. The Brazil Variant has a formal scientific classification: P.1).
variant (noun) – different or form or version or mutant of something (virus).
coronavirus (CoV) (noun) – a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases. common signs of infection include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. In more severe cases, the infection can cause pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure and even death. (Courtesy: WHO)
far and wide (phrase) – everywhere, all over, all around, worldwide.
superspreader (noun) – a person/patient who infects significantly/disproportionately a large number of people with a disease/virus than usual.
decisively (adverb) – definitely.
dither (verb) – be indecisive, be unsure, be undecided, hesitate.
objective (adjective) – impersonal.
assessment (noun) – evaluation, appraisal, analysis.
objective assessment (noun) – a method of assessment/test in which questions will have a single correct answer and so can be marked objectively (with no interpretation, judgement, or personal opinions. Objective question types include true/false, multiple-choice, and matching questions. (It can be compared with a subjective assessment/test, which is evaluated by giving a personal judgement/opinion, usually based on agreed criteria/standards).
pointer (noun) – indication, hint, signal, suggestion.
submission (noun) – proposal, suggestion, proposition, recommendation.
proxy (noun) – substitute.
arrive at (verb) – attain, reach, gain, accomplish (a decision/conclusion).
subsequent (adjective) – following, ensuing, successive.
come up with (phrasal verb) – produce, put forward, present/submit.
prickly (adjective) – problematic/troublesome, sensitive, difficult.
address (verb) – tackle, deal with, attend to, try to sort out.
vaccine (noun) – a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.
dose (noun) – an amount/quantity of something.
absence of (noun) – lack of, without.
systematic (adjective) – methodical, structured, organized, well ordered, planned.
for instance (phrase) – as an example.
comprehension (noun) – understanding, apprehension, awareness, perception, discernment.
Variant of Concern (VOC) (noun) – A variant for which there is evidence of an increase in transmissibility, more severe disease (e.g., increased hospitalizations or deaths), significant reduction in neutralization by antibodies generated during previous infection or vaccination, reduced effectiveness of treatments or vaccines, or diagnostic detection failures.
Variants of Interest (VOI) (noun) – A variant with specific genetic markers that have been associated with changes to receptor binding, reduced neutralization by antibodies generated against previous infection or vaccination, reduced efficacy of treatments, potential diagnostic impact, or predicted increase in transmissibility or disease severity.
B.1.617.2 (noun) – a variant of the coronavirus, first identified in India, is renamed as the ‘Delta variant’ by the World Health Organization (WHO) and this variant is reclassified as Variant of Concern (VOC). The B.1.617.1 strain has been reclassified to a Variant of Interest (VOI) and labelled variant “Kappa”.
robust (adjective) – strong, powerful.
genome (noun) – the genetic material (a complete set of DNA, including all of its genes) of an organism. The sum total of the genetic material of a cell or an organism.
sequence (noun) – the complete order of compounds/building blocks (nucleotides) of nucleic acids, such as RNA or DNA.
genome sequence (noun) – a process that determines the order, or sequence, of the DNA (nucleotides i.e., A, C, G and U) in each of the genes present in the virus’s genome.
insight (noun) – deep understanding, recognition, realization, revelation.
hobble (verb) – restrict/control/limit the activity or development of something.
plight (noun) – difficult situation, trouble/difficulty, quandary.
engage (verb) – occupy, draw, gain, attract (attention).
mRNA vaccine (noun) – The vaccine is a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine, which stands for “messenger ribonucleic acid”. Messenger RNA is essentially the blueprint that living cells use to turn gene sequences into the proteins that form their fundamental structures. Once injected, the mRNA in the vaccine is translated into a viral protein, which our immune systems detect. The body generates an immune response in reaction to these viral proteins, which can’t by themselves cause disease, and this provides protection against developing Covid-19.
regulator (noun) – an association that supervises a particular business activity.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (noun) – The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the government agency responsible for advancing public health by helping to speed innovations that make medical products more effective, safer, and more affordable and by helping the public get the accurate, science-based information they need to use medical products and foods to maintain and improve their health.
interminable (adjective) – endless, non-stop, constant, continual.
trickle down (phrasal verb) – pass on benefits to the people at the bottom of the pyramid (by those at top of the system).