The Hindu Editorial (Demand flux) – Sep 30, 2024

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The Hindu Editorial (Demand flux) – Sep 30, 2024:

flux (noun) – continuous change, changeability, variability, inconstancy, instability, unsteadiness, unpredictability, irregularity, unreliability, fickleness, fluctuation, oscillation.
dynamics (noun) – basic/fundamental cause or force that triggers change within a system.
falter (verb) – lose strength, lose momentum, to stop making progress; to stop being successful; hesitate, delay, stall, be undecided, be indecisive.
waning (adjective) – decreasing, diminishing, declining, lessening, weakening, shrinking, dwindling.
wane (verb) – decrease, decline, diminish/dwindle gradually.
resounding (adjective) – enormous, huge, massive, outstanding, colossal, impressive, remarkable, noteworthy, whopping.
Gross domestic product (GDP) (noun) – a measure of economic activity in a country. the total value of all final goods and services produced within the country in one financial year.
portent (noun) – indication, augury, sign, signal, prediction.
momentum (noun) – the increase in the rate of growth of something; strength, impetus.
due to (phrase) – because of, owing to, on account of, as a result of, in view of.
private consumption or consumption expenditure (noun) – the spending by households (consumers) on goods and services, excluding new housing.
in fact (phrase) – actually, in actuality, in reality, really, as a matter of fact, certainly, truly, indeed.
private final consumption expenditure (PFCE) (noun) – it is defined as the expenditure incurred by the resident households and non-profit institutions serving households (NPISH) on final consumption of goods and services, whether made within or outside the economic territory.
hit (verb) – affect badly, damage, ruin.
stem from (verb) – originate from, come from, be rooted in, emanate from, flow from, proceed from, result from, be consequent on, arise from.
woe (noun) – trouble, difficulty, problem, tribulation, distress, heartbreak, anguish, affliction, grief, pain.
weigh down (phrasal verb) – burden, impede, depress, oppress, make difficult.
flag (verb) – indicate, identify, point out.
K-shaped recovery (noun) – In a K-shaped recovery, some parts of the economy may go through strong growth while others continue to decline. A K-shaped recovery occurs after a recession when certain parts of the economy resume growth while others lag behind.
offtake (noun) – purchase of goods (by an agreement entered between a producer and a buyer to buy/sell a certain amount of the future production of goods/products).
rebound (noun) – recovery, revival, rallying, picking up, coming back (in value of something after decline).
shore up (phrasal verb) – support, help, assist someone/something from ; bolster up, buttress, strengthen, fortify, reinforce, underpin something from decline.
spur (verb) – stimulate, encourage, prompt, galvanize.
hasten (verb) – expedite, precipitate, push, accelerate, step up, speed up.
uptick (noun) – a small increase or upward trend.
industrial capacity utilisation rate (noun) – the ratio of an industry’s actual output to its potential output. It is useful to companies as it provides an insight into the value of production and the resources being utilized at any given time.
threshold (noun) – it is an amount, level, or limit of something. Once the threshold is reached, something else happens or changes. point of entry, starting point.
ramp up (phrasal verb) – increase (in amount or number).
outcome (noun) – end result, consequence, aftermath, effect, development.
virtuous cycle/circle (noun) – a recurring series of events in which good actions bring about good results and so on (whereas vicious cycle/circle means ‘a recurring series of events in which bad actions bring about bad results and so on’)
lead to (verb) – cause, result in, bring about, bring on, give rise to.
kick in (phrasal verb) – begin, start; come into effect.
quarter (noun) – a period of three months (considered as one-fourth of a year).
suggest (verb) – indicate, point to, signal, signify, denote.
play out (verb) – happen, occur, take place, transpire, come about.
outpace (verb) – surpass, exceed, be more than.
perk up (phrasal verb) – gain energy; cheer up, recover, rally, revive, encourage .
India Ratings and Research (Ind-Ra) (noun) – it is committed to providing India’s credit markets accurate, timely and prospective credit opinions. Ind-Ra is a 100% owned subsidiary of the Fitch Group
Fitch Ratings (noun) – an American credit rating agency and is one of the “Big Three credit rating agencies”, the other two being Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s.
reckon (verb) – forecast, predict, estimate, calculate, expect.
aid (verb) – help, assist, support.
cooling (adjective) – reducing, lessening, decreasing, declining.
inflation (noun) – simply meaning “cost of living”; increase of price level of goods & services and vice versa decrease of currency value.
bode well/ill (verb) – augur, indicate, portend, signal (a good/bad outcome).
a twist in the tale (phrase) – an unexpected and significant development (in a story/situation)
imminent (adjective) – upcoming, approaching, nearing, impending, forthcoming.
fatigue (noun) – lack of energy, lack of vitality, reduction in the efficiency; tiredness, exhaustion, overtiredness, weariness.
S&P Global Inc. (noun) – an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Manhattan, New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial information and analytics; S&P Global, Inc. engages in the provision of transparent and independent ratings, benchmarks, analytics and data to the capital and commodity markets worldwide. It operates through the following segments: Ratings, Market Intelligence, Platts and Indices.
pen in (phrasal verb) – prevent, contain, confine.
temper (verb) – moderate, tone down, mitigate, decrease, lessen.
Consumer Confidence Survey (CCS) (noun) – The Consumer Confidence Survey (CCS) is one of the most keenly watched surveys conducted by the Reserve Bank of India. The CCS, conducted bimonthly (every two months) in 19 major cities, seeks responses on current perception and future expectations on a host of indicators such as income, employment, inflation and spending.
turn the tide (phrase) – to change/reverse a situation/trend.
tide (noun) – movement; trend, tendency, course of events.
take note (phrase) – pay attention, heed, notice, to give attention to something.
point to (phrasal verb) – indicate, suggest, signal, signify, denote, reveal.
dip (noun) – decrease, decline, reduction, fall, drop, slump.
barometer (noun) – measure, index, indicator, criterion, gauge.
stuttering (adjective) – relating to something which progresses/develops in an irregular way.
warrant (verb) – justify, validate, deserve, merit, support.
fervour (noun) – intense feeling, emotion, excitement, enthusiasm, passion, spirit, vigour, keenness, eagerness, interest.
trigger (verb) – cause, produce, bring about, prompt.
course reversal (noun) – a change in the direction/way of doing something.
crimp (verb) – have a limiting effect on; compress, limit, crumple.
persistently (adverb) – continuously, constantly, relentlessly.
food inflation (noun) – the condition of an increase in the wholesale price index of a necessary food item relative to the general index or the consumer price index (CPI) is referred to as food inflation. In layman’s language, it is basically the rise in the cost of an essential food item relative to the previous price.
cloud (verb) – make uncertain, make unclear; muddle, confuse, spoil (something).
rate reduction/rate cut (noun) – a decision by a central bank (like RBI in India) to reduce its main interest rate to the banks (like SBI, ICICI & etc in India) when these commercial banks get money from the central bank. Once this rate goes down, the banks are in a position to give loans at lower interest rates to individuals and the industry.
room (noun) – scope, chance, leeway, freedom, latitude, opportunity (for something to happen).
discretionary (adjective) – optional, voluntary, subjective, up to the individual, non-mandatory, non-compulsory.
benign (adjective) – mild, favourable, agreeable, advantageous, beneficial, helpful.
pass (through) (verb) – be transferred, be given, be handed down; go through.
levy (noun) – imposition, charging, collection (of a tax, fee, fine).
embed (verb) – insert, place, fix, incorporate, attach ; firmly establish, embed, implant, entrench, ingrain.
substantive (adjective) – important, significant, considerable, meaningful.
cut (noun) – decrease, reduction, lessening.
as opposed to (phrase) – as against, as an alternative to, in contrast with, rather than, instead of.
token (adjective) – symbolic, indicative, perfunctory.
unveil (verb) – present, make public, introduce, launch, release; reveal, disclose.