The Hindu Editorial (Coming soon) – Jun 30, 2021

Film-makers around the world have often made extraordinary efforts to keep cinema alive. Under a repressive regime in Iran,… For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-2 for The Hindu Editorial (Coming soon) – Jun 30, 2021.

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The Hindu Editorial (Coming soon) – Jun 30, 2021:

censorship (noun) – the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information, on the basis that such material is considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or inconvenient.
discourse (noun) – discussion, conversation, communication, expression.
keep alive (phrasal verb) – keep going, continue, sustain.
repressive (adjective) – oppressive, dominating/coercive, authoritarian/draconian.
regime (noun) – government/system.
The Emergency (noun) – In India, “The Emergency” refers to a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had a state of emergency declared across the country. Officially issued by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed under Article 352 of the Constitution because of the prevailing “internal disturbance”, the Emergency was in effect from 25 June 1975 until its withdrawal on 21 March 1977.
apparatus (noun) – structure, system, framework.
come down on (phrasal verb) – criticize, reprimand, punish, rebuke, admonish harshly.
satire (noun) – mockery, ridicule, derision.
invite (verb) – cause, induce, generate, make happen.
Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) (noun) – It is a statutory film-certification body in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India. It is tasked with “regulating the public exhibition of films under the provisions of the Cinematograph Act 1952.
object (verb) – oppose, express disagreement, take a stand against.
the Cinematograph Act (noun) – The Cinematograph Act, 1952 (the Act), ensures that films fulfil the objectives prescribed by law. In the Act is a provision for the establishment of a Central Board of Film Certification (the Board). This is the regulatory body in India that issues a certificate to the makers of films for public exhibition.
thorny (adjective) – problematic, tricky, delicate, controversial.
the draft Cinematograph (Amendment) Bill 2021 (noun) – The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting proposes to introduce the Cinematograph (Amendment) Bill, 2021 which will make the process of sanctioning of
films for exhibition more effective, in tune with the changed times and curb the menace of piracy. The MIB solicits comments from General Public on the Draft Cinematograph (Amendment) Bill, 2021 by 2nd July, 2021.
put out (phrasal verb) – issue, publish, release, make public, publicize.
provision (noun) – clause, requirement, condition.
ordinance (noun) – order, law, directive/regulation.
scrap (verb) – abandon, drop, abolish, withdraw, throw away.
Film Certificate Appellate Tribunal (FCAT) (noun) – It was a statutory body established in 1983 under the Cinematograph Act, 1952 by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. FCAT heard appeals filed under Section 5C of the Cinematograph Act by those aggrieved (affected) by the decision of the CBFC.
statutory (adjective) – legitimate, acceptable, admissible, permissible.
set up (phrasal verb) – create, start, begin, initiate, institute, establish.
uphold (verb) – confirm, endorse/approve, vindicate/validate.
exercise (verb) – use, employ, utilize, avail oneself of, put to use.
revisional (adjective) – relating to revision of something.
in respect of (phrase) – with respect to; concerning, regarding.
acknowledge (verb) – accept, recognize, realize.
clause (noun) – section, point, requirement, condition, provision.
receipt (noun) – receiving, getting, obtaining.
reference (noun) – mention of, comment on, remark about.
exhibition (noun) – display, show, presentation, spectacle.
on account of (phrase) – because of, owing to, due to, by virtue of.
Section 5B(1) in the Cinematograph Act (noun) – Section 5B(1) of the Cinematograph Act states: “A film shall not be certified for public exhibition if, in the opinion of the authority competent to grant the certificate, the film or any part of it is against the interests of 3 [the sovereignty and integrity of India] the security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency or morality, or involves defamation or contempt of court or is likely to incite the commission of any offence.”
Article 19(2) of the Constitution of India (noun) – It authorises the government to impose, by law, reasonable restrictions upon the freedom of speech and expression “in the interests of… public order.”
impose (verb) – force, thrust, inflict, press, urge; put a restriction on.
freedom of speech (noun) – the right to express opinions without government interference.
sovereignty (noun) – Sovereignty means the independent authority of the State, not being subject to the control of any other State or external power; independent authority/control, self-government, self-rule.
integrity (noun) – unity, cohesion, undividedness, togetherness, solidarity.
restrictive (adjective) – restricting, constraining, confining, prohibitive.
come into place (phrase) – come into force/effect (a new law, rule, change, etc.).
OTT services (noun) – over-the-top media services popularly known as OTT media services is a streaming media service offered to the viewers directly through the Internet.
vet (verb) – assess, evaluate, scrutinize, inspect.
curb (verb) – control, contain, restrict, limit.
quell (verb) – suppress, silence, repress; end, finish, stifle, thwart.
dissent (noun) – disagreement, lack of agreement, difference of opinion, protest, opposition, disapproval.
barrier (noun) – blockade, hurdle; obstacle, impediment, hindrance.
indicative (adjective) – expressive, suggestive, representative.
pressure (noun) – demand, influence, pressurization, persuasion, coercion, intimidation.
authoritarian (adjective) – oppressive, draconian, dictatorial, totalitarian.
tendency (noun) – inclination, disposition, penchant.
the establishment (noun) – the powers that be, the authorities, the system, the ruling class, the regime.