The Hindu Editorial (Apathy continues) – Aug 17, 2024

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The Hindu Editorial (Apathy continues) – Aug 17, 2024:

1. apathy (noun) – lethargy, indifference, lack of interest, inactivity, passivity, detachment, negligence, disregard.
2. Mpox (monkeypox) (noun) – it is a viral illness caused by the monkeypox virus (commonly abbreviated as MPXV), a species of the genus Orthopoxvirus. Two different clades exist: clade I and clade II. Common symptoms of mpox are a skin rash or mucosal lesions which can last 2–4 weeks accompanied by fever, headache, muscle aches, back pain, low energy, and swollen lymph nodes. Mpox can be transmitted to humans through physical contact with someone who is infectious, with contaminated materials, or with infected animals.
3. vaccine (noun) – a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.
4. endemic (noun) – it refers to the constant presence and/or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area.
5. endemic (adjective) – (of a disease) regularly happening within an area or community; widespread, prevailing, usual, common, general, extensive, ubiquitous.
6. World Health Organization (WHO) (noun) – Founded in 1948, WHO is the United Nations agency that connects nations, partners and people to promote health, keep the world safe and serve the vulnerable – so everyone, everywhere can attain the highest level of health.
7. Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) (noun) – A PHEIC is defined in the International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) as, “an extraordinary event which is determined to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease and to potentially require a coordinated international response”.
8. outbreak (noun) – sudden appearance/occurrence. outburst, flare-up, eruption, epidemic.
9. led to past & past participle of   lead to (verb) – result in, cause, bring on, bring about, give rise to.
10. Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (noun) – A continental autonomous health agency of the African Union established to support public health initiatives of Member States and strengthen the capacity of their public health institutions to detect, prevent, control and respond quickly and effectively to disease threats.
11. Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS) (noun) – It is a strategic decision to strengthen the collective and coordinated response to the outbreak across the continent. This will enable the mobilization of necessary resources, strengthen regional coordination, raise awareness, and ensure a rapid and effective response to control the spread of the disease and protect public health across Africa.
12. mark (verb) – represent, signify, indicate. 
13. committee (noun) – panel, council, delegation, task force.
14. claim (verb) – assert, state, declare, affirm, insist (without evidence or proof).
15. Ebola (noun) – Ebola virus disease (EVD), formerly known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever, is a rare but severe, often fatal illness in humans. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission.
16. Associated Press (AP) (noun) – Founded in 1846,  It is an American not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.
17. lineage/clade (noun) – a genetically closely related group of virus variants derived from a common ancestor.
18. clade 2b virus (or) Clade II MPXV (noun) – It is the type that caused the global outbreak that began in 2022. Infections from clade II mpox are less severe. More than 99.9% of people survive. Clade II is endemic to West Africa.
19. primarily (adverb) – most importantly, mainly, mostly; basically, particularly, especially.
20. adolescent (noun) – teenager, teen, juvenile, young.
21. drive (verb) – cause to happen; cause to develop.
22. lethal (adjective) – fatal, deadly, life-threatening. 
23. clade 1b virus (or) Clade I MPXV (noun) – it is currently considered more severe than Clade II MPXV , leading to its classification as a high consequence infectious disease ( HCID). They are generally more severe, with higher rates of complications like encephalitis, pneumonia and respiratory
    distress, and secondary bacterial infections.
24. effectively (adverb) – practically, virtually, in effect, in reality, actually, more or less, almost.
25. ongoing (adjective) – in progress, under way, going on, continuing, happening, current.
26. acute (adjective) – serious, severe, critical, urgent, desperate, pressing.
27. in short supply (phrase) – scarce., insufficient, deficient, inadequate, scanty, sparse.
28. blunt (verb) – decrease, lessen, diminish, reduce, abate.
29. authorisation (noun) – approval, sanction, permission.
30. Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) (noun) – a mechanism to facilitate the availability and use of medical countermeasures, including vaccines, during public health emergencies, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic.
31. regulatory (adjective) – relating to the control/supervision of an activity by a set of rules, laws, etc.
32. hurdle (noun) – obstacle, difficulty, problem, barrier, impediment, obstruction, hindrance.
33. sidestep (verb) – avoid, evade, get past, bypass, dodge, circumvent, steer clear of, get round.

Note : 

1. Click each one of the words above for their definition, more synonyms, pronunciation, example sentences, phrases, derivatives, origin and etc. from http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/.

2. Definitions (elementary level) & Synonyms provided for the words above are my personal work and not that of Oxford University Press. Tentative definitions/meanings are provided for study purposes only and they may vary in a different context.  

3. This word list is for personal use only. Reproduction in any format and/or Commercial use of it is/are strictly prohibited.

The Hindu Editorial (​​​​Apathy continues) – Aug 17, 2024:

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