The Hindu Editorial (An unproductive idea) – Jul 14, 2021

Incentives and penalties form an integral component of the measures to control population growth, announced by Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath on Sunday. For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (An unproductive idea) – Jul 14, 2021.

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The Hindu Editorial (An unproductive idea) – Jul 14, 2021:

unproductive (adjective) – futile, useless, pointless, ineffective.
socio-economic (adjective) – relating to the interaction of social (position, rank, or importance) and economic (income, pay, and wealth) aspects.
empowerment (noun) – authorization, accreditation; capacity-building, inclusiveness; authority, power.
coercion (noun) – it means compelling an individual to act against his/her will by the use of psychological pressure or physical force causing bodily injury; force/pressure, oppression, harassment, intimidation.
cut (verb) – reduce, decrease, lessen.
fertility rate (noun) – the average number of children a woman would give birth to during her life time.
incentive (noun) – motivation, encouragement, impetus, boost.
penalty (noun) – punishment.
measure (noun) – action, step, procedure.
total fertility rate (TFR) (noun) – the average number of children a woman would give birth to during her lifetime if she were to pass through her childbearing years (15-49 years) experiencing the present day age-specific fertility
rates.
National Family Health Survey (NFHS) (noun) – a large-scale, multi-round survey conducted in a representative sample of households throughout India. Three rounds of the survey have been conducted since the first survey in 1992-93. The survey provides state and national information for India on fertility, infant and child mortality, the practice of family planning, maternal and child health, reproductive health, nutrition, anaemia, utilization and quality of health and family planning services.
National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4) (noun) – the fourth in the NFHS series, NFHS-4 conducted in 2015-16, provides information on population, health, and nutrition for India and each state and union territory. All four NFHS surveys have been conducted under the stewardship of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India.
neighbouring (adjective) – adjacent.
National Family Health Survey 2019-20 (NFHS-5) (noun) – the fifth in the NFHS series, NFHS-5 conducted in 2019-20, provides information on population, health, and nutrition for India and each state and union territory. All five NFHS surveys have been conducted under the stewardship of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India.
contraceptive (adjective) – relating to a drug/device used to prevent pregnancy.
prevalence (noun) – commonness, widespread presence, generality, extensiveness, ubiquitousness.
contraception (noun) – artificial methods which are used to prevent pregnancy; birth control.
maternal mortality (noun) – maternal death; the death of a woman while pregnant.
infant (noun) – baby, newborn, young child.
mortality (noun) – (in a particular time/for a cause) the rate/number of death.
on the face of it (phrase) – apparently, seemingly, evidently/ostensibly; at first glance.
in line with (phrase) – in alignment with, in accordance with, conforming to.
stress (verb) – emphasize, draw attention to, focus attention on, underline, underscore, highlight.
Cairo International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) (noun) – The Fifth International Conference on Population and Development was held in Cairo (Capital of Egypt) from 5 to 13 September 1994 under the auspices (guidance/support) of the United Nations. The Conference adopted the Programme of Action by consensus, which emphasized the fundamental role of women’s interests in population matters and introduced the concepts of sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights. A new definition of population policy was advanced, giving prominence to reproductive health and the empowerment of women.
consensus (noun) – an idea or opinion that is shared by all the people in a group.
call for (phrasal verb) – require, publicly ask/necessitate, demand.
reproductive rights (noun) – Reproductive rights rest on the recognition of the basic right of all couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to have the information and means to do so, and the right to attain the highest standard of sexual and reproductive health.
maternal health (noun) – maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period.
untangle (verb) – find a solution to, resolve, clear up, clarify.
knotty (adjective) – complex, complicated, intricate.
rather than (phrase) – instead of.
beaten (adjective) – well used.
demographic (adjective) – relating to the statistical study/structure of populations, especially human beings.
draft Uttar Pradesh Population (Control, Stabilisation and Welfare) Bill, 2021 (noun) – The Uttar Pradesh State Law Commission has prepared a proposed draft Bill for population control, under which a two-child norm will be implemented and promoted. The Bill aims to revitalize efforts and provide for measures to control, stabilize and provide welfare to the population of the State by by implementation and promotion of two-child norm and for matters connected therewith and incidental thereto.
stabilisation (noun) – an act of making something more stable.
welfare (noun) – a government program that provides (financial) assistance to individuals and families in need; social security, public assistance.
incentivise (verb) – encourage, motivate, galvanize.
perk (noun) – a benefit (perquisite/bonus/gratuity/reward/extra) someone gets from the job (apart from regular wages/salary).
rebate (noun) – allowance, reduction, discount, refund.
sops (noun) – a conciliatory gift, concession; something given/provided (which is ,often, of less importance) to pacify somebody.
disincentive (noun) – deterrent, discouragement, counterincentive.
subsidy (noun) – also called subvention; a financial contribution granted to help an industry or business, mostly given by a government, in order to keep the price of service/goods at a low level.
mull (verb) – ponder, consider, think about, contemplate.
denounce (verb) – condemn, criticize, attack, censure, reject.
National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) (noun) – a Statutory public body constituted on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Ordinance of 28 September 1993. It was given a statutory basis by the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
uphold (verb) – confirm, endorse/approve, vindicate/validate.
barring (preposition) – except for, with the exception of, excepting, excluding, omitting, leaving out.
grounding (noun) – instruction.
impinge upon (verb) – influence, have an effect on.
informed (adjective) – knowledgeable, instructed, well informed (when a person is given options/choices to choose).
empirical (adjective) – practical, pragmatic, actual, real.
coercive (adjective) – overbearing, forceful, intimidating, high-handed.
discrimination (noun) – prejudice, intolerance, inequity, unfairness (against an individual or group of individuals by society and its institutions (basically in the procedures, policies or objectives) as a whole.
marginalised (adjective) – treated as insignificant, treated as unimportant, neglected.
discernible (adjective) – visible, noticeable, identifiable.
substantive (adjective) – important, significant, considerable.
productivity (noun) – efficiency output.
labour productivity (noun) – a measure of labour output; In macro-economic terms, it is a measure of a country’s economic output (real Gross Domestic Product) that is the result of a single hour of labour. Labour productivity is an essential factor in the overall growth of a business.
empower (verb) – authorize, entitle, permit, allow.
rational (adjective) – logical, well reasoned, sensible, reasonable.
substantially (adverb) – considerably, significantly, largely.
hasten (verb) – speed up, quicken, accelerate, expedite.
drop (noun) – decrease, reduction, decline, lowering, lessening.
confront (verb) – trouble, bother, cause trouble to, distress.
demography (noun) – the composition/formation of a specific human population.
seek (verb) – try, aim, attempt.
neo-Malthusian (adjective) – relating to the belief that population control (through the use of contraception) is essential for the survival of the earth’s human population.
malthusian (adjective) – relating to a theory of exponential population growth and arithmetic food supply growth (by Thomas Robert Malthus FRS who was an English cleric and scholar, influential in the fields of political economy and demography).