Get real on Swachh – The Hindu (Jul 19, 2017)

Get real on Swachh – The Hindu (Jul 19, 2017)

Despite the most stringent penal provisions in the law against manual scavenging, it continues in parts of India….  For further reading, visit “The Hindu”.

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Courtesy: The Hindu

Word List-1

1. manual scavenging (noun) – it is a caste-based occupation involving the removal of untreated human excreta (stools) from bucket toilets or pit latrines, that has been officially abolished by law in India as a dehumanizing practice (Courtesy: Wikipedia).
2. stringent (adjective) – strict, precise, firm/rigid.
3. provision (noun) – term, clause, requirement/condition.
4. enforcement (noun) – imposition, implementation, execution.
5. in the wake of (phrase) – aftermath, as a consequence of, as a result of.
6. malaise (noun) – illness, disease.
7. rehabilitation (noun) – the action of bringing (someone or something) back to a normal, healthy condition after an illness, injury, drug problem, etc (Courtesy: VOA Learning English).
8. insanitary (adjective) – unhygienic, unclean, germ-ridden.
9. excreta (noun) – waste matter (faeces and urine); stools, droppings.
10. indifference (noun) – lack of concern/interest, apathy, disregard, carelessness.
11. prejudice (noun) – partiality, intolerance, discrimination.
12. persist (verb) – continue, remain, be prolonged.
13. obligation (noun) – duty, commitment, responsibility.
14. sanitation (noun) – it generally refers to the provision of facilities and services for the  safe disposal of human urine and faeces (Courtesy: WHO).
15. substantial (adjective) – sizeable/significant, large, ample.
16. incongruous (adjective) – inappropriate, unsuitable; contrasting.
17. scourge (noun) – affliction, bane, burden.
18. impede (verb) – hinder, obstruct, hamper.
19. conservative (adjective) – traditionalist, conventional, orthodox/old-fashioned.
20. pernicious (adjective) –  harmful, damaging, destructive.
21. entrenched (adjective) – fixed, inflexible, instilled (habit, belief & attitude).
22. stigmatised (adjective) – discredited, dishonoured, disparaged.
23. empowerment (noun) – accreditation, authorization, validation.
24. humiliating (adjective) – embarrassing; awkward, shameful.

Note:

1. Click each one of the words above for their definition, more synonyms, pronunciation, example sentences, phrases, derivatives, origin and etc from http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/.

2. Definitions (elementary level) & Synonyms provided for the words above are my personal work and not that of Oxford University Press. Tentative definitions/meanings are provided for study purpose only and they may vary in different context. Use it with the corresponding article published on the source (website) via the link provided. 

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