The Hindu Editorial (Green crosshairs) – May 10, 2023

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The Hindu Editorial (Green crosshairs) – May 10, 2023:

green (adjective) – environmentally friendly, energy-efficient, energy-saving.
in the crosshairs (phrase) – be in a position/situation wherein someone or something is targeted/criticized (crosshairs – very thin crossed wires in the microscope/gun which are used to focus/aim at something precisely).
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) (noun) – it is a climate measure that should prevent the risk of carbon leakage and support the EU’s increased ambition on climate mitigation, while ensuring WTO compatibility.
multi-pronged (adjective) – having different aspects/elements.
warrant (verb) – necessitate, justify, validate, uphold, endorse, call for.
carbon tax (noun) – a tax levied on the carbon contents used by the burning fossil fuels (gasoline, natural gas, coal and oil) so as to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) released into atmosphere.
framework (noun) – structure, system.
levy (verb) – impose, charge, collect (a tax, fee, fine).
rely on (phrasal verb) – depend on, bank on; resort to, have recourse to.
sub-optimally (adverb) – in a way/manner that is below the optimal (best possible) level or standard of something.
sustainable (adjective) – supportable, acceptable, trustworthy, reasonable, sensible, reliable, dependable, well-founded (without disturbing the balance of nature and then without exhausting all of the natural resources).
deem (verb) – consider, regard as, see, view.
mechanism (noun) – apparatus, medium, agency, instrument, channel.
culminate (verb) – come to an end with, finish with, conclude with, terminate with, lead up to.
levy (noun) – imposition, charging, collection (of a tax, fee, fine).
undermine (verb) – weaken, subvert, sabotage, damage.
carbon-intensive (adjective) – relating to a process that has a high carbon footprint.
spur (verb) – prompt, stimulate, encourage, galvanize.
pose (verb) – constitute, present, create, cause (a problem or danger or risk).
trading bloc (noun) – a type of intergovernmental agreement by a group of countries that has reduced or removed trade barriers between them.
gauge (verb) – measure, calculate, compute, predict, estimate, reckon, forecast.
assertive (adjective) – decisive, confident, insistent, firm, determined.
explore (verb) – consider, check out, examine, review, evaluate.
critical (adjective) – crucial, essential, important.
alacrity (noun) – eagerness, readiness, promptness, willingness, swiftness.
sophisticated (adjective) – the latest, the newest, modern, advanced; complex, complicated, intricate, subtle, delicate.
douse (verb) – extinguish, put out, quench, blow out (a fire).
greenwashing (noun) – the misleading claim/act of companies/organisations that their products and services are environmentally friendly & energy-efficient without providing enough evidence.
optics (noun) – the way in which something (political action/situation) is recognized by the general public.
for instance (phrase) – for example.
growth driver (noun) – a thing that is causing an increase in a company’s revenue.
transition (noun) – change, transformation.
legacy (noun as modifier) – something received from a predecessor or from the past.
furnace (noun) – an enclosed, industrial device used for heating.
compatible (adjective) – agreeable, adaptable, appropriate, suitable.
World Trade Organization (WTO) (noun) – an intergovernmental organization that is concerned with the regulation of international trade between nations.
norm (noun) – standard, convention, regulation.
flag (verb) – indicate, point out, identify; draw attention to something.
incompatibility (noun) – difference, inconsistency, contradiction, discrepancy .
climate change (noun) – a long-term change in the Earth’s climate, or of a region on Earth.
moot (verb) – put forward, introduce, present.
common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) (noun) – The concept of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR) was enshrined as Principle 7 of the Rio Declaration at the first Rio Earth Summit in 1992. a principle within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that acknowledges the differing responsibilities of individual countries in addressing climate change.
uphold (verb) – confirm, endorse/approve, vindicate/validate.
avenue (noun) – method, way.
lack (verb) – be without, require, be in need of.
enforcement (noun) – imposition, implementation, execution, carrying out.
retaliatory tariff (noun) – punitive tariff; an extra tariff/tax that a country charges on import goods from another country to punish the another country for charging tax on its own export goods.
weigh (verb) – consider, contemplate, think about, look into, assess.
afoot (adjective) – happening, ongoing, underway, going on, in operation, in progress.
voice (noun) – representative, spokesperson, agency.
The Global South (noun) – the poor developing countries (of Asia, Africa, South America, amongst others).
The Global North (noun) – the economically developed countries (of Europe, North America, Australia, amongst others).
play a part/role (phrase) – contribute to, be instrumental in, be a factor in.
to the hilt (phrase) – completely, fully, wholly, totally, entirely, utterly, unconditionally, in every respect, as much as possible, to the very extent/level/degree.
at the helm (phrase) – in charge, in command/control/authority; in the driving seat.
helm (noun) – in charge, in command, in authority, position.
G-20 (noun) – The G20, formed in 1999, is a group of twenty of the world’s largest economies that meets regularly to coordinate global policy on trade, health, climate, and other issues. It brings together the world’s major advanced and emerging economies. The G20 comprises Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, UK and USA. The G20 Countries together represent around 90% of global GDP, 80% of global trade, and two thirds of the world’s population.
galvanise (verb) – to cause someone to take action by exciting or shocking them; stimulate, encourage, inspire, stir, arouse, prompt, shock/stun.
take on (phrasal verb) – undertake, adopt, embrace, assume, accept, support, acquire.
champion (verb) – support, promote, uphold, back, stand up for.
revolve around (phrasal verb) – to have something as the most important subject matter.
far worse (phrase) – much more of poorer quality.
implications (noun) – consequence/outcome, ramification, repercussion.
entail (verb) – require, demand, call for, be grounds/reason for, warrant, involve.