The Hindu Editorial (Trouble in Punjab) – Mar 22, 2023

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The Hindu Editorial (Trouble in Punjab) – Mar 22, 2023:

fanaticism (noun) – fundamentalism, radicalism, dogmatism.
opportunism (noun) – expediency, exploitation, taking advantage, pragmatism, realism.
societal (adjective) – relating to society or social relations; public.
guard against (verb) – take care for, beware of, keep watch for, be alert to.
separatism (noun) – dissension, nonconformity, dissent/faction.
separatist (noun) – secessionist, dissident, protester, sectarian, nonconformist extremist, radical.
better late than never (phrase) – doing something late is better than not doing it at all.
raise one’s ugly head (phrase) – an unpleasant/undesirable thing hidden till date, becomes as a problem that people have to deal with.
open (adjective) – unrestricted.
call (noun) – demand, appeal, request.
state (noun) – government.
functionary (noun) – official, administrator, office-holder, office-bearer, bureaucrat.
mob (noun) – a large, disorganized, and often violent crowd of people.
overrun (verb) – invade, storm, occupy, march into, swamp (in large numbers).
suspect (noun) – accused.
breakdown (noun) – failure, collapse.
law and order (noun) – lawful behaviour, order, lawfulness, discipline, peacefulness.
daunting (adjective) – intimidating, challenging, disconcerting.
inexperienced (adjective) – immature, inexpert, untrained.
campaign (noun) – an act of soliciting (asking for/requesting) votes; an organized effort that seeks to influence the decision-making progress within a specific group.
Khalistan (noun) – Khalistan movement (a Sikh separatist movement) seeking to create a homeland for Sikhs by establishing a sovereign state, called Khālistān (‘Land of the Khalsa’), in the Punjab region.
pulverise (verb) – defeat utterly, annihilate, crush/vanquish.
sitting (adjective) – current, present.
genocidal (adjective) – relating to the deliberate mass murder/killing.
outrage (noun) – indignation, fury/anger, disapproval.
trauma (noun) – damage, torment, distress, suffering.
torment (verb) – persecute, bother, annoy, disturb, trouble.
mobile (adjective) – vigorous, expressive, lively.
enterprising (adjective) – resourceful, talented, spirited, dynamic, ambitious.
stagnation (noun) – lack of activity/development.
take its toll (phrase) – have a serious/adverse effect on someone/something; cause damage to someone/something; cause suffering.
abuse (noun) – misuse.
rampant (adjective) – widespread, present everywhere/pervasive, unrestrained/out of control.
smell (verb) – detect or suspect (something).
incite (verb) – provoke, instigate, induce, foment, trigger.
fester (verb) – (of a problem) to become worse or more intense due to long time negligence.
sicken (verb) – become ill.
looming (adjective) – appearing/emerging as a large/threatening one; imminent, impending, forthcoming, fast approaching.
inflame (verb) – incite, arouse, provoke, stir up.
mobilisation (noun) – the act of bringing forces/people/resources together for a particular cause.
diaspora (noun) – the people who spread/scatter from their own country to places across the world. Indian diaspora constitutes NRIs (Non-resident Indians) and PIOs (Persons of Indian origins).
contain (verb) – control, limit, curb, restrain, reduce, lessen, decrease.
malaise (noun) – trouble, unease, depression/unhappiness.
nip something in the bud (phrase) – to stop something (a potential problem or bad behaviour) at an early stage so that it does not become a serious problem/issue in the future; suppress, prevent, halt, destroy, stifle, obstruct, impede.
proponent (noun) – advocate, champion, exponent, promoter, supporter.
pay a price (phrase) – experience the bad/unpleasant result of something.
at large (phrase) – as a whole, generally.
toxic (adjective) – fatal, deadly; poisonous, harmful, dangerous.
tolerate (verb) – allow, acknowledge, accept, recognize; agree to, accede to, approve of.
lack (noun) – absence, non-existence, unavailability.
derail (verb) – obstruct, impede, hinder, hamper, block, interrupt, thwart, stop, restrict.
sought past tense of seek (verb) – try, aim, attempt.
trust-building (noun) – the process of bringing all the members together and creating trust based on activities and exercises.
at the heart of (phrase) – at the most important part of, at the centre of.
rhetoric (noun) – bombast, loftiness, hyperbole/extravagant language.
at any rate (phrase) – in any case, anyhow, anyway, nevertheless.
quarter (noun) – a particular group of people.
alienation (noun) – isolation, estrangement, separation, disaffection, turning away, hostility.