The Hindu Editorial (Era of war is over) – Sep 19, 2022

Compared to its relatively low-key past, the Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation’s (SCO) Council of Heads of State in Samarkand took place in the cross-hairs of international attention… For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Era of war is over) – Sep 19, 2022.

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The Hindu Editorial (Era of war is over) – Sep 19, 2022:

relatively (adverb) – to a certain degree, to a certain extent, partly, partially, in some measure, comparatively, moderately, a little, somewhat.
low-key (adjective) – understated, modest, subtle, quiet, low-profile.
summit (noun) – meeting, conference, conclave (Heads of State).
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) (noun) – The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation, the creation of which was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai (China). The SCO currently comprises eight Member States (China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) and is seen as a counterweight to NATO (The North Atlantic Treaty Organization). It was established as a multilateral association to ensure security and maintain stability across the vast Eurasian region, join forces to counteract emerging challenges and threats, and enhance trade, as well as cultural and humanitarian cooperation.
in the cross hairs (phrase) – be in a position/situation wherein someone or something is targeted/criticized (crosshairs – very thin crossed wires in the microscope/gun which are used to focus/aim at something precisely)”.
engagement (noun) – involvement, taking part, participation, association.
induct (verb) – admit to, allow into, appoint to.
broaden (verb) – expand, widen, increase, enlarge.
counter-terrorism (noun) – anti-terrorism; actions taken to combat or prevent terrorism.
bilateral (adjective) – involving two groups or countries.
on the sidelines (phrase) – it refers to a meeting occurs at the same time as the scheduled meeting/forum/summit, but is not itself an item on the agenda.
pandemic (noun) – the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.
tensions (noun) – strained relations, strain, unease.
given (preposition) – considering, taking into account, bearing in mind.
standoff (noun) – deadlock, stalemate, impasse (in a dispute/conflict).
Line of Actual Control (LAC) (noun) – the de-facto (effective) border between India and China. The LAC is a 4,057-km border running through three areas-Western (Ladakh, Ladakh (Kashmir)), middle (Uttarakhand, Himachal) and eastern (Sikkim, Arunachal).
come face to face with someone (phrase) – meet someone directly (and talk to him/her in person).
speculation (noun) – projection, prediction, indication, prognosis, calculation.
rife (adjective) – widespread, general, common, extensive, prevalent, ubiquitous, omnipresent, everywhere, present everywhere.
hold (verb) – have, conduct, arrange, convene, organize (a meeting).
adversary (noun) – opponent, rival, combatant, antagonist, enemy, foe, nemesis, rival.
materialise (verb) – happen, occur, take place.
comment (noun) – remark, statement, view, opinion.
admonition (noun) – warning, caution, caveat.
read (verb) – understand, take to mean, interpret, construe.
shaming (noun) – the act/practice of criticizing someone publicly or bringing embarassment to someone publicly.
naming and shaming (phrase) – to publicly identify someone who have done something wrong.
realisation (noun) – awareness, understanding, comprehension, consciousness, apprehension, recognition, perception, discernment.
ceasefire (noun) – a negotiated agreement that will be accompanied by other associated commitments to de-escalate the fighting; a temporary stoppage of war, truce, armistice.
dialogue (noun) – discussion, talk, consultation, deliberation, debate, negotiation.
come into prominence (phrase) – to become important/notable.
chair (noun) – chairperson, president, leader, convener.
G-20 (noun) – The G20, formed in 1999, is a group of twenty of the world’s largest economies that meets regularly to coordinate global policy on trade, health, climate, and other issues. It brings together the world’s major advanced and emerging economies. The G20 comprises Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, UK and USA. The G20 Countries together represent around 90% of global GDP, 80% of global trade, and two thirds of the world’s population.
entail (verb) – necessitate, make necessary, demand, call for, require.
elbow-grease (noun) – hard work, work, labour, toil, exertion, effort.
UN General Assembly (UNGA) (noun) – (The UN General Assembly (UNGA) is the main policy-making organ of the Organization (United Nations). Comprising all Member States, it provides a unique forum for multilateral discussion of the full spectrum of international issues covered by the Charter of the United Nations. Each of the 193 Member States of the United Nations has an equal vote.
pitch (verb) – words used to try to convince someone to accept something.
Eurasian (adjective) – relating to Eurasia (the total continental land mass of Europe and Asia combined).
hinge on (phrasal verb) – depend on, be dependent on, hang on, focus on, centre around, concentrate, pivot on.
development (noun) – progress, success, growth.
traverse (verb) – to do more than (something) to do more than is required; go beyond, cross over, exceed.
sanctions (noun) – action taken, or an order given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with that country, by not allowing economic aid for that country, etc.
back (verb) – support, endorse, favour.
transit (noun – transportation, travel, shipment.
walk the talk (phrase) – to do the things you have said you would do.
consolidated (adjective) – combined.
thwart (verb) – obstruct, hamper, hinder, impede.
ties (noun) – association, relationship, bond, connection.
Quad/Quadrilateral (noun) – The ‘Quadrilateral’ is described as four democracies (the United States, Japan, Australia and India) with a shared objective to ensure and support a “free, open and prosperous” Indo-Pacific region.
polarisation (noun) – separation of two contrasting groups (based on different opinions/beliefs).
coalition (noun) – association, alliance, union, partnership.