The Hindu Editorial (Act and friction) – Sep 18, 2021

Recent developments have demonstrated the Union government’s implacable determination to undermine the autonomy of the various tribunals in the country. For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Act and friction) – Sep 18, 2021.

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The Hindu Editorial (Act and friction) – Sep 18, 2021:

act (noun) – law, decree, statute, bill, Act of Parliament, fiat, dictum, resolution, ruling, rule, ordinance.
friction (noun) – disagreement, disunity, conflict, dispute, argument.
tribunal (noun) – panel, committee (set up to resolve some disputes particularly).
commission (noun) – committee, council/panel, advisory body.
development (noun) – event, happening, circumstance, incident, situation.
implacable (adjective) – relentless, adamant/stubborn, ruthless, uncompromising, dogged.
determination (noun) – decision, resolution, single-mindedness, fixity of purpose.
undermine (verb) – weaken, subvert, sabotage, damage.
autonomy (noun) – independence, self-determination, freedom.
Tribunals Reforms Bill, 2021 (noun) – The Bill seeks to dissolve certain existing appellate bodies and transfer their functions (such as adjudication of appeals) to other existing judicial bodies. The Bill replaces a similar Ordinance promulgated in April 2021.
provision (noun) – term, clause, requirement, stipulation, condition.
strike down (phrasal verb) – abolish, annul, nullify (a law or regulation).
ordinance (noun) – (authoritative) order, decree, injunction, ruling, directive.
cherry pick (verb) – pick and choose; look at the various things that are on display and select the one you want.
exhaust (verb) – use up, run through, go through.
wade into (phrasal verb) – dive into, jump on, get involved in, intervene in, get to work on.
exercise (verb) – use, utilize, make use of, employ, implement.
cut short (phrase) – shorten, truncate, curtail, terminate, end, stop.
tenure (noun) – term, time, period, stint (in office); incumbency.
acting (adjective) – temporary, short-term, provisional, interim, transitional, caretaker.
National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) (noun) – National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) was constituted under Section 410 of the Companies Act, 2013 for hearing appeals against the orders of National Company Law Tribunal(s) (NCLT), with effect from 1st June, 2016.
National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) (noun) – The Central Government has constituted National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) under section 408 of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013) with effect from 01st June 2016.
set (adjective) – ready, prepared.
deliver (verb) – pronounce, announce, declare (judgment).
reserve (verb) – defer, postpone, put off, delay, withhold.
justification (noun) – reason, rationale, premise, rationalization, explanation, argument/defence.
go by (phrasal verb) – follow, obey, abide by, comply with.
bench (noun) – a court of law with a number of judges.
remark (verb) – comment, say, mention, state.
hesitate (verb) – be uncertain, be unsure, be doubtful, be indecisive, oscillate.
stay (verb) – stop, prevent, suspend.
on its own motion/suo motu (phrase) – “suo motu” is a Latin term meaning “on its own motion”. It is used where a government agency/institution acts on its own knowledge.
back down (phrasal verb) – withdraw, concede, give in, backtrack, back-pedal.
stint (noun) – spell, stretch, period, time, term.
considerable (adjective) – substantial, significant; noticeable.
criterion (noun) – basis, standard, norm, specification (criteria is the plural form of criterion).
go against (phrasal verb) – oppose, disagree with, resist something; be unfavourable to someone.
subject to (phrasal verb) – conditional on, contingent on, dependent on, depending on, controlled by.
appointee (noun) – one who is appointed to a job/position; representative, delegate, office holder.
rung (noun) – level, rank, position (in a hierarchy).
even though (phrase) – despite the fact that.
adjudication (noun) – judgement, verdict, decision, pronouncement, ruling.
domain (noun) – a field, area, sphere of activity/knowledge.
expertise (noun) – skill, prowess, proficiency, knowledge.
provide for (verb) – prepare, make provision, make preparations, be prepared.
adjudicative (adjective) – relating to a formal judgement on a dispute.
the executive (noun) – the executive is a branch of government that enforces the law as written by the legislature and interpreted by the judiciary.
leverage (noun) – influence, power, authority, weight, sway, control, dominance.
call for (phrasal verb) – require, need, necessitate, make necessary, demand.
establishment (noun) – setting up, formation, creation.
drag one’s feet (phrase) – delay, procrastinate, postpone action, put off doing something.
mulishness (noun) – stubbornness, inflexibility, pigheadedness.