The Hindu Editorial (Urban visions) – Feb 04, 2021

With a clear focus on expansion of Metro Rail and bus services through Central funding, Budget 2021 has recognised a core component of urbanisation. For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Urban visions) – Feb 04, 2021.

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The Hindu Editorial (Urban visions) – Feb 04, 2021:

vision (noun) – dream, concept, idea.
policy reform (noun) – a process in which changes are made to the formal “rules of the game” – including laws, regulations and institutions – to address a problem or achieve a goal such as economic growth, environmental protection or poverty alleviation.
mobility (noun) – transportability.
sound (adjective) – well founded, valid/solid, reasonable, credible/reliable.
urbanisation (noun) – a process of creating urban areas. It is a result of population migration from rural areas in addition to natural urban demographic growth.
affordable (adjective) – economical, inexpensive, reasonably priced.
commuting (noun) – travelling (back and forth), travelling (to and fro).
multiplier effect (noun) – the proportional amount of increase in final income (particularly of the government) that results from an injection of spending; it occurs when an initial injection (investment/spending) into the economy causes a bigger final increase in national income.
public health (noun) – the branch of medicine handling public health; public health is also the science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities through education, policy making and research for disease and injury prevention.
perverse (adjective) – contrary, difficult, unreasonable, uncooperative, obstructive, annoying; illogical, irrational, inappropriate.
drive away (phrasal verb) – make or force someone to go way/stay away from something.
bubble (noun) – a protected place.
pandemic (noun) – the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.
under control (phrase) – able to be dealt with successfully.
green mobility (noun) – green mobility is sustainable transportation (e.g. walking/cycling) that allows the basic access needs of individuals and societies to be met safely and in a manner consistent with human and eco-system health, and with equity within and between generations. Green mobility is affordable, operating efficiently, offering choice of transport mode, and supporting a vibrant economy.
certainty (noun) – confidence, sureness, conviction, certitude, reliability, assurance.
augment (verb) – increase, enlarge, expand.
Public-private partnership (PPP) model (noun) – a cooperative arrangement between two or more public and private sectors, typically of a long-term nature. In other words, it involves government sector and private sector company that work together to complete a project and/or to provide services to the population.
NITI Aayog (noun) – The National Institution for Transforming India, also called NITI Aayog, was formed via a resolution of the Union Cabinet on January 1, 2015. NITI Aayog is the premier policy ‘Think Tank’ of the Government of India, providing both directional and policy inputs. (NITI Aayog replaced “The Planning Commission” – an institution in the Government of India established in 1950, which formulated India’s Five-Year Plans, among other functions to oversee the country’s economic and social development). (Think tank is a panel of experts who provide advice and ideas on political, social or economic issues).
monopoly (noun) – exclusive/complete control of something by a person/organization.
unregulated (adjective) – not restricted.
paratransit (noun) – In the context of public transportation, paratransit services are typically flexible services (by auto, van, or minibus), that don’t conform to a fixed schedule or route.
renaissance (noun) – revival, renewal, re-emergence reappearance.
strategy (noun) – plan of action (in order to achieve a more expansive set of political, economic, and security interests).
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (noun) – an Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to motor vehicles.
provision (noun) – clause, (legal) term, requirement, condition.
take the lead (phrase) – to take charge of something; to be responsible for something.
go beyond (phrasal verb) – to go past something, exceed, surpass.
standalone (adjective) – independent, self-contained, separate, unconnected, unattached.
intervention (noun) – the process of intervening in something; involvement, interference.
grant (noun) – allocation, allotment, budgeting.
rather than (phrase) – instead of.
operationalise (verb) – put into use.
umbrella (modifier) – something (coalition) that has many different parts/elements.
regulate (verb) – control, oversee, administer something (by using rules and regulations).
feeder transport network (noun) – a transport network/system linking remote areas with main areas.
seamlessly (adverb) – smoothly and continuously.
pilot (adjective) – test, trial, experimental.
paradigm (noun) – model, pattern, case in point.
exclusionary (adjective) – special, limited.
suburb (noun) – outlying district, outskirts.
due to (phrase) – because of, owing to, on account of, as a result of.
moreover (adverb) – besides, furthermore, in addition.
census (noun) – an official survey, particularly of a population.
decade (noun) – a period of ten years.
lack (verb) – be without, be lacking, be deprived of, be short of.
infrastructure (noun) – the basic physical or organisational structure or framework that a country or organization needs in order to function properly. For a whole nation, it includes all the physical systems such as buildings, roads & railways networks, utilities, etc.
sustainability (noun) – the ability to exist constantly; it refers generally to the capacity for the biosphere and human civilization to co-exist.
integration (noun) – unification, combination, consolidation, incorporation.
bring about (phrasal verb) – cause, produce, give rise to.
inclusive (adjective) – overall, full, all-encompassing, all-embracing, comprehensive.