The Hindu Editorial (Tempered optimism) – Jan 29, 2021

The course of the coronavirus pandemic in the new year presents a picture of contrasts, with some rich countries running out of vaccines,… For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Tempered optimism) – Jan 29, 2021.

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The Hindu Editorial (Tempered optimism) – Jan 29, 2021:

temper (verb) – moderate, tone down, mitigate, decrease, lessen.
optimism (noun) – hopefulness, hope, confidence, positive attitude, buoyancy.
slide (verb) – fall, drop, decline.
coronavirus (CoV) (noun) – a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases. common signs of infection include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. In more severe cases, infection can cause pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure and even death. (Courtesy: WHO)
pandemic (noun) – the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.
run out (phrasal verb) – have none left, have no more of, be out of; use up, be exhausted, be finished.
vaccine (noun) – a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.
tide (noun) – rise and fall of something.
vaccination (noun) – treatment with a vaccine to protect against a particular disease; immunization.
hesitancy (noun) – reluctance, unwillingness, disinclination.
vaccine hesitancy (noun) – a reluctance or refusal to be vaccinated or to have one’s children vaccinated; reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccines.
vial (noun) – a small glass container.
amidst (preposition) – amid; in the middle of, during.
relaxation (noun) – the process of making a restriction/rule less strict.
protocol (noun) – rules of conduct, procedure, convention.
outlying (adjective) – distant, remote, inaccessible, faraway, unfrequented.
unlock (verb) – free something from restrictions.
so far (phrase) – until now, up to the present, up to this point.
point out (phrasal verb) – identify, mention, indicate, draw attention to.
surveillance (noun) – close observation, scrutiny, monitoring (of the occurrence of a virus outbreak).
containment (noun) – an act of keeping something (harmful) under control (it means quickly identifying cases of coronavirus through testing, placing infected individuals in isolation, tracking who infected persons might have been in contact with and potentially quarantining those who came into contact with infection so that the disease doesn’t continue to spread).
window (noun) – opportunity, chance, opening.
Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) (noun) – Directorate General of Civil Aviation is an attached office of the Ministry of Civil Aviation. The Directorate General of Civil Aviation is the regulatory body in the field of Civil Aviation primarily dealing with safety issues. It is responsible for regulation of air transport services to/from/within India and for enforcement of civil air regulations, air safety and airworthiness standards. It also co-ordinates all regulatory functions with International Civil Aviation Organisation.
status quo (noun) – the present situation, the current state, the existing state of affairs.
full-fledged/fully fledged (adjective) – fully established.
inter- (prefix) – between.
await (verb) – wait for, expect, anticipate, look/hope for.
contraction (noun) – In economics, it refers to a decline in national output as measured by gross domestic product; shrinking, decline, decrease.
(graded) opening (noun) – beginning of an activity in stages/levels (i.e. moving from one level/stage to another gradually).
prudent (adjective) – wise, sensible, careful/far-sighted.
enforcement (noun) – imposition, implementation, execution.
public health (noun) – the branch of medicine handling public health; public health is also the science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities through education, policy making and research for disease and injury prevention.
measure (noun) – action, step, procedure.
read (verb) – interpret, understand, comprehend.
advisory (noun) – official communication, announcement, press release.
take cognisance of (phrase) – notice, attend to, take into account, give attention to.
social/physical distancing (noun) – a term means actively avoiding crowded public places, is a key element in decreasing the rapid spread of COVID-19. This is an effort intended to limit exposure by reducing face-to-face contact and preventing spread among people in community settings.
stagger (verb) – phase; carry out/perform/pursue something in stages; time at intervals (of something as they don’t happen at the same time).
sanitisation (noun) – sterilization, disinfection, cleaning.
render (verb) – make, cause to be, cause to become.
moot (adjective) – debatable, arguable, questionable.
campaign (noun) – an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making progress within a specific group.
agitation (noun) – (public) protest.
persuade (verb) – convince, influence, motivate.
recalcitrant (adjective) – non-compliant, uncooperative, wilfully disobedient.
prompt (verb) – give rise to, bring about, cause, trigger.
curb (noun) – control, restraint, containment, restriction.
vigil (noun) – vigilance, surveillance, close watch, monitoring.
cause (noun) – reason.
mutation (noun) – a significant and basic “alteration/variation” in the DNA sequence.
pose (verb) – create, cause, produce (a problem).
implications (noun) – consequence/outcome, ramification, repercussion.
lack of (noun) – absence, deficiency, scarcity, dearth.
transparency (noun) – clarity, straightforwardness, openness, honesty, unambiguity.
efficacy (noun) – In medicine, the ability of an intervention (for example, a drug or surgery) to produce the desired beneficial effect; effectiveness, efficiency, power.
result in (phrasal verb) – cause, bring on, bring about, call forth, give rise to.
uptake (noun) – the action of taking up something (available/given).
variant (noun) – different or form or version or mutant of something (virus).
the spotlight (noun) – the public attention, the focus of public/media; the public eye.
turn the spotlight on (phrase) – to call attention to something.
second generation (adjective) – advanced.
pharmaceutical (adjective) – relating to aspects like preparation, dispensing and effective utilization of the medicinal drugs.
remedy (noun) – solution, answer, antidote/panacea.
fall back on (phrasal verb) – have recourse to, rely on, make use of, utilize.
default (noun as modifier) – normal, standard, usual, conventional.
toolkit (noun) – a (personal) set of abilities/skills.
considerable (adjective) – substantial, appreciable, significant, much.
vulnerable (adjective) – relating to a weak/neglected person who is in need of special care/support/protection; ill-protected, easily affected by, prone to, at risk of.
sizeable (adjective) – substantial, considerable, significant.
expose (verb) – be subjected to something (infectious agents & others).
serosurvey (noun) – collection and testing of serum (or proxy such as oral fluid) specimens from a sample of a
defined population over a specified period of time to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against a given
specific infectious pathogen as an indicator of immunity.
seropositivity (noun) – the quality or state of being seropositive, of having blood serum that tests positive for a given pathogen (a bacteria/virus that causes disease).
spate (noun) – series, flurry; a large number of something (taking place at the same period).
underscore (verb) – underline, emphasize, highlight.
precautionary (adjective) – preventive, safety, protective.
road (noun) – a particular course (of action) or direction.
universal (adjective) – relating to all people; all-inclusive, all-embracing, comprehensive.