The Hindu Editorial (Currency pressure) – Sep 24, 2022

The rupee is yet again facing renewed pressure, along with major peers, as the dollar continues to strengthen in the wake of the Federal Reserve’s latest jumbo 75 basis points interest rate increase and…. For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Currency pressure) – Sep 24, 2022.

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The Hindu Editorial (Currency pressure) – Sep 24, 2022:

currency depreciation (noun) – it is the loss of value of a country’s currency with respect to one or more foreign reference currencies, typically in a floating exchange rate system in which no official currency value is maintained.
depreciation (noun) – devaluation, decrease in value.
price stability (noun) – no (drastic) change in the price of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. It implies avoiding both prolonged inflation and deflation.
peer (noun) – equal.
in the wake of (phrase) – as a result of some event, especially an unpleasant one; in the aftermath of, as a consequence of, on account of, because of, owing to.
Federal Reserve (US) (noun) – the central banking system of the United States (The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India’s central banking institution).
jumbo (adjective) – very large.
basis point (BPS) (noun) – a unit of measure used in finance to describe the percentage change in the value or rate of a financial instrument. One basis point is equivalent to 0.01% (1/100th of a percent). Used for measuring change in interest rate/yield.
central bank (noun) – the banking regulator of a county’s banking system. (e.g. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India).
unequivocal (adjective) – unambiguous, unmistakable, indisputable, incontrovertible, indubitable, undeniable; clear, crystal clear, well defined, explicit, categorical, outright, certain, decisive, absolute.
squarely (adverb) – precisely, exactly, just, directly.
tame (verb) – curb, control, moderate, mitigate. reduce, lessen.
inflation (noun) – simply meaning “cost of living”; increase of price level of goods & services and vice versa decrease of currency value.
intraday (adjective) – occurring in a single day (within the day).
slide (noun) – decline, fall, drop, descend (in quality to a lower level).
soften (verb) – decrease, reduce, lessen, moderate.
intervention (noun) – the process of intervening in something; involvement, interference.
smoothen (verb) – deal successfully with (a problem/difficulty).
volatility (noun) – unpredictability, instability, unreliability.
cumulative (adjective) – total, collective, aggregate.
shrunk past participle of shrink (verb) – lessen, reduce, decrease.
war chest (noun) – fund/money reserved aside to be used in a challenging/dangerous situation (e.g. war. campaign, etc.).
foreign exchange reserves (noun) – foreign exchange reserves are the amounts of assets /money in foreign currencies that a country has in its central bank (in India, it is Reserve bank of India).
depreciate (verb) – decrease, decline, drop/lose value.
reliant (adjective) – dependent on.
contend with (phrasal verb) – deal with, cope with, face, grapple with (a difficult or unpleasant situation).
durable (adjective) – long-lasting, long-term, strong, substantial.
footing (noun) – stability, equilibrium, steadiness, balance, evenness, composure ;standing, status, position.
bound to (adjective) – sure, likely, guaranteed.
Inflationary/price pressures (noun) – the demand and supply-side pressures that can cause a rise in the general price level; cost-push inflation, hot-economy, deficit finance.
beset (verb) – trouble, bother, worry, anguish, embarrass (persistently).
persistently (adverb) – continuously.
elevated (adjective) – increased, raised.
monetary policy (noun) – monetary policy refers to the use of monetary instruments under the control of the central bank to regulate magnitudes such as interest rates, money supply, and availability of credit with a view to achieving the ultimate objective of economic policy mentioned in the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
The monetary policy committee (MPC) (noun) – it is a six-member panel that is expected to bring “value and transparency” to rate-setting decisions. It will feature three members from the RBI — the Governor, a Deputy Governor and another official — and three independent members to be selected by the Government. The MPC will meet four times a year to decide on monetary policy by a majority vote.
rein in (phrasal verb) – to control, restrain, restrict, limit someone/something.
price gain (noun) – a general increase in the price of something.
invasion (noun) – attack, offensive, onslaught, incursion, assault.
offset (verb) – even up, counterbalance, equalize, neutralize; make amends for, compensate for.
accrue (verb) – to receive something gradually over a period of time; accumulate, gather, build up, be added.
Indian Basket (IB) (or) Indian Crude Basket (noun) – The Indian crude oil basket is derived from sour grade (Oman and Dubai average) and sweet grade (Brent) of crude oil processed at Indian refineries in the ratio of 75.50:24.50. It is used for the purpose of macro-economic calculations as petroleum product prices are linked to their own market.
crude oil (noun) – the raw natural resource that is extracted from the earth and refined into products such as gasoline, jet fuel, diesel and other petroleum products.
retreat (verb) – recede, fall ,go down; decrease, reduce.
debt (noun) – liability, financial obligation, borrowed capital.
resume (verb) – restart, start again, recommence, take up again, renew.
foreign portfolio investments (FPIs) (noun) – investments in financial assets, such as shares, government bonds, corporate bonds, convertible securities, infrastructure securities etc in a foreign country.
dump (verb) – put down, deposit.
equity (market) (noun) – share/stock Market.
projection (noun) – forecast, prediction, calculation.
steep (adjective) – sudden, sharp, rapid.
tighten (verb) – make stricter, make more rigorous, make more stringent.
tightening (noun) – an act of making something stricter/rigorous.
lead to (verb) – result in, cause, bring on, bring about, give rise to.
capital inflow (noun) – a steady movement of capital (amount) into a place, economy, activity etc.
capital outflow (noun) – money/assets flowing out of (or leaving) a particular country’s economy.
real effective exchange rate (REER) (noun) – REER is the real effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.
be weighted (verb) – be planned or arranged in order to put a particular thing/factor in an advantageous or disadvantageous position.
weighted average (noun) – the average of a data set that recognizes certain numbers as more important than others.
overvalue (verb) – fix the value of a currency at too high a level.
walk/balance on a tightrope (phrase) – to deal with a difficult situation in which a very small error could have very bad outcomes.
semblance (noun) – (outward) appearance, approximation; similarity, likeness, resemblance, equivalence.
choke (verb) – suffocate, stifle, suppress, smother, restrain.